Constitution Day is celebrated in India on 26 November every year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India. The Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India On 26 November 1949, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950.
Previously Constitution Day was celebrated as Law Day and this day is also known as Samvidhan Diwas.
26th November 2021 will mark the 72nd anniversary of the adoption of the Indian Constitution while 26th November 2020 marked the 71st anniversary of the adoption of the Indian Constitution.
Background
The foundation of this day was laid in October 2015 during the inauguration of Ambedkar memorial at the Indu Mills compounds in Mumbai. And then, on November 19, 2015, the government of India with the help of a gazette notification declared November 26 as the Constitution Day.
The Ministry of External Affairs directed all overseas Indian schools to celebrate 26 November as Constitution Day and directed embassies to translate the Constitution into the local language of that nation and distribute it to various academies, libraries, etc.
India will observe the 72nd Constitution day in 2021.
Celebration of Constitution Day
There is no such pompous celebration on this day. However, the day is observed at various places in different ways:
On this day, the preamble of the constitution is read in all schools by all students.
There are quiz and essay competitions both online and offline on the subject of the constitution of India.
Lectures are delivered on salient features of the constitution in each school.
Samvidhan Diwas
To pay tribute to Dr. B.R Ambedkar, November 26 was started to be observed as the Constitution Day. He was an important member of the drafting committee of the Constitution.
The Constitution of India is framed by the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly of India appointed a total of 13 committees to deal with different tasks related to the framing of the constitution. There were 8 major committees and the rest were minor ones.
The list of major committees and their heads are mentioned below:
Major Committees
Drafting Committee – B. R. Ambedkar
Union Power Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
Union Constitution Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
Provincial Constitution Committee – Vallabhbhai Patel
Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas – Vallabhbhai Patel.
Rules of Procedure Committee – Rajendra Prasad
States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) – Jawaharlal Nehru
Steering Committee – Rajendra Prasad
Law Day
The Law day was not celebrated until 1979. It was when the Supreme Court Bar association under Dr. L.M Singhvi decided to observe 26th November as Law Day.
Major reasons for observing this day as Law day:
To assess the law and justice of the country
To establish a healthy relationship between the Bar Association and the Bench
To strengthen the judiciary system and its independence.
To celebrate the freedom of the legal profession
To make and law and Judicial system, the valuable sources of reliance for the people
To establish the confidence of people in the judicial system.
To prevent any sort of injustice within the judicial system
These ground rules are set to ensure the supervision of democracy with the code of law.
Facts about the Constitution of India
The framing of the Constitution took over 2 years, 11 months and 17 days.
There were 299 members in the Constituent Assembly and 15 were women and when the constitution was adopted in 1949, 284 members finally signed it.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the chairman of the Constituent Assembly.
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